Percentage of Excipients Used in Liquid Formulation

Oral liquids are homogeneous liquid preparations of a solution, an emulsion or a suspension of one or more active ingredients with suitable excipients.

A List of Excipients Used in Liquid Formulation

• Alcohol (Ethanol 96%) – amount may vary (as a solvent)

• Alpha Tocopherol - 0.001 to 0.05% v/v (as an antioxidant)

• Ascorbic Acid - 0.01 to 0.1% w/v (as an antioxidant)

• Bentonite - 0.5 to 5% (as a suspending agent)

• Benzoic Acid – 0.01 to 0.15% (as an antimicrobial preservative)

• Benzyl alcohol – up to 2% v/v (as an antimicrobial preservative)

• Butylparaben – 0.006 to 0.05% (as an antimicrobial preservative)

• Carbomer – 0.5 to 1% (as a suspending agent)

• Carboxymethylcellulose sodium – 0.1 to 1% (as a viscosity increasing agent)

• Dispersible Cellulose – amount may vary (as a dispersing agent or suspending agent)

• Citric Acid Monohydrate – 0.1 to 2% (as a buffering agent)

• Colloidal Silicon Dioxide – 2 to 10% (suspending and thickening agent)

• Disodium edetate – 0.005 to 0.1% w/v (as a chelating agent)

• Glycerin – up to 20% (as a sweetening agent in alcoholic elixirs)

• Lecithin – 0.25 to 10% (as an emulsifying agent or solubilizing agent)

• Methylparaben – 0.015 to 0.2% (as an antimicrobial preservative)

• Poloxamer – 1 to 5% (as a stabilizing agent)

• Propylene glycol – 10 to 25% (as a solvent)

• Propylparaben – 0.01 to 0.02% (as an antimicrobial preservative)

• Saccharin – 0.02 to 0.5% (as a sweetening agent)

• Sucrose – 67% w/w (as a sweetening agent)

• Xanthan gum – amount may vary (as a suspending or thickening agent)

Read also: Percentage of Excipients Used in Cream Formulation